Premarin (known also as conjugated estrogens) are a mixture of estrogen hormones. Estrogen is a female sex hormone produced by the ovaries that is necessary for many processes in the body. The main components are sodium estrone sulphate and sodium equilin sulfate. Estrogens are used primarily to treat the symptoms of menopause and states in which there is a deficiency of estrogen, for example, in women who have had their ovaries removed.
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The usual starting dose for treating symptoms associated with menopause and for preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis is 0.3 mg/day. The dose should be increased based on response. Hypogonadism is treated with doses of 0.3 mg or 0.625 mg daily with a cyclical interval of 25 days on treatment followed by 5 days off treatment. The dose for women who have been castrated or have ovarian failure is 1.25 mg daily in a cyclical interval of three weeks on treatment and one week off treatment.
Estrogens increase the chances of getting cancer of the uterus. A woman should report any unusual vaginal bleeding right away while taking these products. Using estrogens with or without progestins may increase a woman's chances of getting heart attacks, strokes, breast cancer, and blood clots. A woman and her health care provider should talk regularly about whether she still needs treatment with estrogens. Together, conjugated estrogens and medroxyprogesterone are used to treat the symptoms of menopause such as hot flashes, and vaginal dryness, burning, and irritation, and to prevent osteoporosis.